Adjustable monoplane



Aug. 12, 1930. N. PIMANDRICH ADJUSTABLE MoNoPLANE Filed Feb. 14, 1930 4Sheets-Sheet Inventor ug- 12, 1930 N. P. MANDRlcH DJUSTBLE MONOPLNE 4Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 14, 193 O Aug. 12, 193ol Filed Feb. 14, 195o 4Sheets-Sheet Inventor A torney g- 12, 1930- N. P. MANDRicH 1,772,815

ADJUSTABLE MONOPLANE Filed Feb. 14, 1959 4 sheets-sheet 4 Y charactersPatented Aug. 12, 1930 ,PATENT OFFICE NICHOLAS MANDBICH, 0F BROOKLYN,NEW 'YORK ADJUSTABLE MoNorLANn i Application led :Februaryv 14, 1930.Serial No. 428,409'.

This invention relates t0-aeroplanes and is particularly adaptable tomonoplanes. i

An object of the invention is to provide a monoplane that is designedwith special adjlstments to improve the safety of the aeroane. p Anotherfeature of the invention is to provide for regulation of the wingsatincreased or decreased speeds and to further provide a short fuselageand extensible wings, which would be more readily controlled.

A further feature of the invention is to provide a triangular nose wing,rockable lon a horizontal axis, the apex ofwhich is in alignment withthe nose of the fuselage to prevent diving at the take-olf or landing,and at the same time to provide for` safe control in the event of motortrouble. j

Further objects of the invention are to provide in a manner ashereinafter set forth, an-

aeroplane of the character referred to, that is strong, compact anddurable, thoroughlyire-` liable for its intended purpose, very easy inlts method of assembly. and comparatively inexpensive to manufacture andoperate.

With the foregoing and other objects in View, the invention consists inthe novel arrangement, combinationof parts as will be hereinafter morespecifically described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, butit is to be understood that changes, varlations and modifications may beresorted to, Without departing from the spirit of the claims hereunto apended.- j

In the rawings, wherein like reference denote corresponding partsthroughout the several views Figure 1 is a side elevation of theaeroplane in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2 is 'a top plan view thereof.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary horizontal section, taken substantially onlines 3-3 of F igure 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary vertical section through the stationarytransverse Wing, taken substantially on the line 4 4 of Figure 2 andlooking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 5 is a transverse section in detail,

and taken substantially on line 5--5 of Figure 2 and looking in thedirection of thel arrows.

Figure 6 is a' longitudinal vertical section in detail, and takensubstantially on line 6-6 of Figure 2 and looking in the direction ofthe arrows.

Figure 7 is a vertical longitudinal section in detail, through thefuselage andwing taken substantially on the line 7-7 of Figure 2 -andlooking in the direction of the arrow. and Figure 8 is a transversevertical section in detail, taken through the longitudinal wing andfuselage, substantially on the line 8-8 .of Figure 2 and looking in thedirection'of the arrows.

Referring to the drawings in detail, 9 indicates generally a cigarshaped fuselage, disposed longitudinally with the blunt end forward'andthe pointed end to the rearward. On the blunt end l0 of the fuselage issupported the motor 11, projecting forwardly from which and rotatablyconnected therewith is the main propeller 12, the intermediate portionof the fuselage 9 being used for carrym'g passengers or freight andisprovided with windows 13 and a door 14.

Forwardly of the central compartment is the cockpit 15, having a forwardwall 16'and an instrument boardl? at the upper end of the forward wall.At the upper portion of the cockpit, there is provided Window panels 18that extend around three sides of `the cockpit to provide vision fromall angles.

At the rear of the fuselage is a vertical upstanding iin 19, to thetrailing edge of which is rockably connected the rudder 2O and on eachside of the rudder are the elevating planes 21 that are rockablyconnected at their leadi2n2g edges to oppositely disposed lateral Therudder and elevator planes are conwill be inoved tothe left and viceversa.

plurality of brake levers 46 are pivotally lage at equal distances. Fromthe trailing edge of the portions of the stationary wing 23 extend theconventional ailerons, 24, 25, and these ailerons are rockably connectedto the trailing edges of the extending portions. The ailerons may becontrolled by any conventional means w'ithin the reach of the pilot inthe cock it 15. The upper face26 and lower face 27) are suitably spacedfrom each other by channel bars 28, 29, which are coextensive with theleading and trailing edges thereof. The space between the upper andlower faces of the wings provides a transverse pocket 30 Vthroughout theentire length of the wings.

The ends of the stationary transverse wing 23 are open to receive theextensible sections 31,` 32, which slide in and out of the pockets 30.Along the lwebs of the channel bars 28, 29, there are mounted aplurality of spaced rollers 33, 34, which bear against the leading andtrailing edges of the extensible sections 31 and 32. At the oppositeends of the stationary wings, there are also a series of roll-l ers 35,36, which are secured to the ribs on the upper and lower faces 26, 27,respectively that bear against the upper and lower faces of the lateralwing sections so as to facilitate the movement of the wing sections withease and dispatch. The longitudinal ribs 37 of extensible wing sections31. and the longitudinal ribs 38 of extensible wing sections 32. extendbeyond the confronting ends of these wing sections into the pockets 30of the stationary wings. These oppositely extending rib extensions 37and 38 are disposed between each other, so as not to interfere withtheir movement; A cone clutch 39 ismounted on the lower portion of athreaded. rod 40 and is th'readably supported on a bracket 41, whichbracket is secured to the channel'bar 28.. Connected to the cone clutch39 is-a hand wheel 42, that extends. into the attachment for moving thecone clutch 39 up or down. A transverse rod 43 is slidably mounted onthe channel bars 28 and 39 and is formed at the forwardv end with plates44, in which there is a slot 45. The cone clutch 39 extends through theopening or slot 45, so that when the cone is moved upwardly the rod 43mounted adjacent their upper ends as at 47, and these brake 1evers46have cam surfaces 48 on their upper ends that engage with the ribextensions 37 and 38. There is one brake leverA for each rib extension.The lower ends ofthe plurality of brake levers are connected with thetransverse rod 43, so that when the cone. clutch moves the rod, the camfa'ces 48 will bear against or retract from the rib extensions.-

- It therefore follows that the wing extensions 31 and 32ma be locked bythe brake levers inany desire position. A pair of rack 49, 50, haveteeth along their inner longitudinal edges which engage with a pinion53, that is secured to a vertical shaft 54, that isjournaled through apocket 30 in the wings. The

lower end of the shaft 54has mounted there# on a hand wheel 55, which isin the cockpit of the aeroplane within reach of the pilot. The in'nerends of the rack bars are each provided with abutment lugs 56., 57,which abut against the cross bars 51, 52, to limit the outward movementof the respective extensible extensions 31, 32. The outer ends of rackbars 49, 50, are respectively connected to the confronting endsv ofextensible sections 32, 31. In view of the,foregoing,- it will be seenthat movement of the hand wheel 55, causes rack bars 49 and 50 to moveinwardly causing the extensible sections to move inwardly into thepockets or outwardly therefrom as desired.

To theleading edge of the stationary transverse wing 1'23 is-rockablyconnected the `triv angular shaped wing indicated generally at 59. Thetrailing edge ofthis triangular wing is mounted on a shaft 60 that issupported coextensive with the leading edgeof the stationary transversewing 23, on brackets 61, the inner ends of which are vsecuredto thechannel bars 2 .n

The wing 59 is in the shape of an isosceles triangle, the face of whichforms the trailing edge, and the apex thereof the leading edge. The apexof the wing is located adjacent the 4nose of the fuselage. The upperface 62 of the triangular wing is fiat and the lower edge 63 of thetriangular wing is flat. These fiat faces decline forwardly from thetrailing tol A which there isa miter gear 69. This miter gear 69 engageswith a miter pinion 70, on the end of the rod 71 and is journaledthrough an opening in the forward wall 16 of the cock pit 15. On theinner end of this rod 71 is a hand wheel 72 that is operated' by thepilot. Depending from the lower face 63 of the wing 59 is a bar 73,which extends through an opening in the fuselage, and the inner end ofthis bar "73 is calibrated as at 74, to give the angle of inclination ofthe triangular win 59. The calibrations on the rod 73 are behind a glasspanel 75 mounted in the instrument boardl 17 so that the calibrationsmay be-seen by the pilot.

35 These brackets are v of the fuselage and forwardly of the center theinclination of the triangular wing 59.

A longitudinal wing is indicated generally at. 7 6. The leading edge ofth-e longitudinal Wing 76 merges with an intermediate portion of thetrailing edge of the stationary trans- 10 verse wing 23. Thelongitudinal wing 76 is materially longer than the width of thetransverse wing and also materially longer than the altitude of thetriangular wing 59. The longitudinal median of the wing 76 is along thecenter line of the fuselage and coincides with the center of thetransverse wing and the altitude of the triangular wing. This Wing 76 isdisposed tangentially with respect to the upper wall of the fuselage andis suitablyY supported thereby. The longitudinal wing 76 isAtransversely curved as will be clearly understood by referring to.Figure 8 of the drawing. The trailing edge of the longitudinal wingterminates forwardly of the vertical wing 19 that supports the rudder.On the top of the wing 76 is a hingedly connected door 77 by whichaccess may be had to the interior of the fuselage.

Depending from the rear end of the fuse-l lage 9 is a tail skid 10.Supported laterally from the sides of the fuselage are a pair of angularstruts 79, 80, on the lower ends of which are supported ground engagingwheels 81.

intermediate the ends thereof. To each strut 79, 8C, are connected thelower ends of supporting brackets 83 and the upper ends ofithesebrackets are connected to the lower face 27 of the stationary horizontalsection 23. Mounted on the brackets 82 and 83 are internal combustionengines 85, 86, that drive the auxiliary propellers 87, 88. Thepropellers 87', 88, are disposed laterally of the main propeller 12 andrearwardly therefrom. Furthermore, the propellers 87, 88, areV disposedunder the triangular wing 59. Y

l It is to be understood that various changes ff' in the shape, size andarrangement of parts may be resorted to, without departing from thespirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

Having described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. An aeroplane comprising a fuselage, a transverse extensible wingsecured to the top of the fuselage, and projecting from both sidesthereof, a triangular wing rockably con- 50 nected along its base to theleading edge of o said transverse wing, and a stationary 1ongitudinalwing extending from an intermediate portion of the trailing edge of saidtra v in 5 ns ersew g An aeroplane comprising a fuselage, a

transverse extensible wing secured to the top o f the fuselage, andprojecting from both sldes thereof, a triangular wing rockably connectedalong its base to the leading edge of saidtransverse wing, and astationary longitudinal wing extending from an intermediate portion ofthe trailing edge of said transverse wing, said longitudinal wing beingtransversely curved.

3. An aeroplane comprising a fuselage, a transverse extensible wingsecured to the top of the fuselage, and projecting from both sidesthereof, a triangular wing rockably connected along its base to theleading edge of said transverse wing,j and a stationary longitudinalwing extending from an intermediate portion of the trailing edge of saidtransverse wing, said longitudinal wing being transversely curved, upperand lower faces of said triangular wings oppositely declined from thetrailing to the leadin edge.

4. An aeroplane comprising a fuse age, a transverse extensible wingsecured to the to of the fuselage, and projecting from bot sidesthereof, a triangular wing rockably connected along. its base to theleading edge qf said transverse wing, and a stationary longitudinal wingextending from an intermediate portion of the trailing edge of'saidtransverse wing, said extensible wing formed with'a central stationarysection having a pocket extending throughout its length, and lateralwing sections movably mounted in the pocket. 5. An aeroplane comprisinga fuselage, a transverse extensible wing secured to the top of thefuselage, and projecting from bot sides thereof, a triangular wingrockably connected along its base to the leading edge of said transversewing, and a stationary longitudinal wing extending from an intermediateportion of the trailing edge of said transverse wing, said extensiblewing formed with a central stationary section having a -pocket extendingthroughout itsil'ength, and lateral wing sections movably mounted in thepocket, rack bars extending inwardly from each lateral section, a pinionsupported in the stationary section between the rack bars, and means forturning the pinion to move the lateral sections.

6. An aeroplane comprising a fuselage, a transverse extensible wingsecured to the top of the fuselage, and projecting from both sidesthereof, a triangular Wing roclrably connected along its base to theleading edge of said transverse wing, and a stationary longitudinal wingextending from an intermediate portion of the trailing edge of saidtransverse Wing, said extensible wing formed with a central stationarysection having a pocket extending throughoutV -its length. and lateralwing sections movably mounted in the pocket, and means supported in thestationary wing section for moving said lateral sections.

7. An'aeroplane comprisinga fuselage, a

transverse extensible wing securedto the top the Wing on its axis, andmeans depending of the fuselage, and projecting from both from thetriangular Wlng 1 nto the fuselage sides thereof, atriangular Wingrockabl confor registering the inclination of the Wlng.

nected along its base to the leading e ge of said transverse wing, and astationarylongitudinal Wingextending from an intermediate portion of thetrailing edge of said transverse Wing, said extensible Wing formed witha central stationary section having a pocket extending throughout itslength, and lateral Wing sections movably mounted in the pocket, andmeans supported in thefuselage and engaging the triangular Wing fortilting the Wing on its axis. t

8. An aeroplane comprising a fuselage, a transverse extensible wingsecured to the top of the fuselage, and projecting from hothI sidesthereof, a triangular Wing rockably connected along its base to theleading edge of said transverse Wing, and a stationary longi' tudinalwing extending from an intermediate portion of the trailing edge of saidtransverse wing, said extensible Wing formed with a cen-- tralstationary section having a pocket exe tending throughout its length,and lateral wing sections movably mounted in the pocket, extension barsprojecting interiorly of the stationary wings from the confronting` endsof the lateral sections and locking means engageable With said extensionbars to hold the lateral Wings in adjusted position.

9. An aeroplane comprising a fuselage, a transverse extensible Wingsecured to the to of the fuselage, and projecting from bot sidesthereof, a triangular Wing rockably connected along its base to theleading edge of said transverse Wing, and a stationary longitudinal Wingextending from an intermediate portion of the trailing edge of saidtransverse Wing, said extensible Wing formed with a central stationarysection having a pocket extending throughout its length, and lateralwing sections movably mounted in the pocket and means supported in thestationary wing section for moving said lateral sections, extension barsprojecting interiorly of the stationary Wings from the confronting endsof the lateral sections and locking means engageable with said extensionbars to hold the lateral wings in adjusted position.

10. AnA aeroplane comprising a fuselage, a transverse extensible wingsecured to the top of the fuselage, and projecting from both sidesthereof, a triangular wing rockably connected along its base to theleading edge of said transverse wing, and a stationary longitudinal wingextendin from an intermediate portion of the trailing edge of saidtransverse wing, said extensible wing formed with a central stationarysection having a 'ocket extending throughout its length, and ateral wingsections movabl mounted in the pocket, and means supported7 in thefuselage and engaging the triangular wing for tilting In testimonywhereof l aix my signature.

'NICHOLAS` P.- MANDRICH.

